Large gyratory crusher

ABSTRACT

A large gyratory crusher is provided with a crusher shell comprising an upper crusher ring, forming a preliminary crusher space, and a crusher ring therebelow forming the main crusher space. A low traverse forming a hood provided at one side with a charging aperture and also supporting the upper self-aligning bearing for the upper end of the driven shaft which carries the crusher cone is releasably attached with a flange to a flange on the upper end of the upper crusher ring. The latter has also a flange on its lower end which is releasably attached to an upper flange on the crusher ring therebelow. When the area of the upper crusher ring below the charging aperture has become worn by the introduced material to be crushed the pairs of flanges, which normally are screwed together, are released and the upper crusher ring is rotatably adjusted with respect to the charging aperture to bring another area of the upper crusher ring into alignment with the charging aperture, and then the pairs of flanges are again firmly connected with each other.

United States Patent [191 Decker et a]. Nov. 27, 1973 [54] LARGE GYRATORY CRUSHER 2,934,277 4/1960 Thomas 241/209 X nvento Hanns Decker Cologne; Helmut 3,467,322 9/1969 Levlshko et al.- 241/213 gtockmann Wesselmg both of Primary Examiner-Granville Y. Custer, Jr.

ermany AztorneyBenjamin H. Sherman et a1. [73] Assignee: Klochner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft, Koln, Germany [5 ABSTRACT [22] Filed: Aug 30 1971 A large gyratory crusher is provided with a crusher I shell comprising an upper crusher ring, forming a pre- PP 176,024 liminary crusher space, and a crusher ring therebelow forming the main crusher space. A low traverse form- [30] Foreign Application Prioriy Dam ing a hood provided at one side with a charging aper S 5 1970 G ture and also supporting the upper self-aligning bearemany P 20 44 1401 ing for the upper end of the driven shaft which carries the crusher cone is releasably attached with a flange US. Cl. 241/209, to aflange on the upper and of the upper Crusher ring M is h 207 8 The latter has also a flange on its lower end which is 0 care 4 releasably attached to an upper flange on the crusher ring therebelow. When the area of the upper crusher ring below the charging aperture has become worn by [56] References cued the introduced material to be crushed the pairs of UNITED STATES PATENTS flanges, which normally are screwed together, are re- 2,190,036 2/1940 Morch 241 /208 X leased and the upper crusher ring is rotatably adjusted 24l/285 A X with respect to the charging aperture to bring another Raymond area of the upper crusher ring into alignment the 2i charging aperture, and then the pairs of flanges are y l 1 3,345,000 10/1967 Decker et a1. 241 209 agam firmly connected each 1,310,798 7/1919 Kennedy 241/209 3 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures a! villi/III! The invention relates to a large gyratory crusher provided with a plurality of superimposed crusher rings which are releasably connected with each other to form an axially symmetrically-shaped crusher shell of which the uppermost crusher ring forms an additional preliminary crusher space and has an inclination to the horizontal which is less than the inclination of the crusher ring therebelow. Furthermore, a traverse arranged at the upper endof the uppermost crusher ring forms the upper bearing for the crusher cone drive shaft.

Large gyratory crushers are known in which the crusher jacltet has attached to its upper end a ringshaped charging hopper on the inner face of which are also arranged the arms of the traverse which supports the upper bearing for the crusher cone drive shaft. This charging hopper has, as a rule, a smaller inclination with respect to the horizontal than the crusher shell of the conical crusher and therefore increases the con structional height of the crusher without, on the other hand, increasing the height of the crusher space proper. For this reason, one has proposed heretofore to employ this uppermost ring, which is provided with crusher ribs, as a preliminary crusher ring, whereby the arms of the traverse are also secured on the inner face of this ring. The crusher cone in this known construction is and also the flange which engages the flange of the traverse, are so constructed that any desired or stepcrusher ring therebelowmay take place, namely, after a removal of releasable connecting means which after the adjustment of the uppermost crusher ring are again secured in operative position.

then, as a rule, extended upwardly by means of a hollow cylindrical member. In the preliminary crusher space which is surrounded by this uppermost crusher ring are coarsely broken the largest pieces of the material fed into the hop-per before they enter the lower range of the crusher shell. Since the material, as a rule, is introduced into one side of the preliminary crusher space and does not reach the other ranges of the preliminary crusher space, the uppermost ring of the crusher shell is subjected to one-sided stresses and to one-sided or uneven wear. This is particularly the case insuch gyratory crushers which are provided with a one-sidedly enlarged crusher mouth in which range the material is introduced. it is unavoidable that after a certain time of operation the crusher lining at this particular point becomes worn. in such a case it is a rule, in order to reduce the shutdown period of the crusher, to replace the entire uppermost crusher ring by another ring which is held in reserve, so that without much loss of time the lining of the worn ring may be replaced by another one, or when sufficient time isavailable the lining of the crusher ring is replaced in situ. In both of these cases, relatively frequent and longer shutdown periods are unavoidable.

The object of the present invention is a gyratory crusher in which the shutdown periods are substantially shortened which are caused by the wear in the range of thepreliminary crusher space. At the same time, the advantage is obtained that the constructional height of the entire gyratory crusher is reduced. In accordance with the invention, the traverse at the upper end of the gyratory crusher is constructed in the form of a hood provided at one side with a charging aperture for the material to be introduced into the crusher. In such a hood structure, the arms of the traverse form a portion of the hood which is provided with a flat outwardlyextending flange which engages an upper flange on the uppermost or preliminary crusher ring, wherebythe parts which are used for the attachment of the preliminary crusher ring with the next crusher ring therebelow When in a crusher of this type the crusher lining at the point of introduction of the material is worn, it is no longer necessary to replace or exchange the lining, but the uppermost crusher ring, after the connections with the lower part and with the traverse have been released, may be rotatably adjusted such a distance that a part of the lining which has not worn is brought into alignment with the point of introduction of the material to be crushed. This adjustment of. the uppermost crusher ring can be accomplished within a very short time period, so that the shutdown period of the gymtory crusher is substantially shortened. The separation of the uppermost part of the crusher from the next lower crusher part and from the traverse above the uppermost part has also the advantage that the transport of the individual parts of the gyratory crusher-in view of their lower weight -is substantially facilitated. in the crushers heretofore manufactured, the uppermost crusher ring with the traverse constitutes as a rule the heaviest part of the gyratory crusher. In accordance with the present invention, his now possible to construct the individual parts in such a manner that they all have substantially the same weight, so that the lifting apparatusused in the assembly of the gyratory crusher does not require to be constructed for an extremely high load, but need only be constructed for substantially lower loads. Furthermore, the manufacture of the uppermost crusher ring and of the traverse as separate parts has also casting advantages. Finally, the entire constructional height of the gyratory crusher is lower as it heretofore was the case with other crushers which have a preliminary crusher space, because in accordance with the invention the traverse rests upon a flat flange and the arms of the traverse may also be made flat. This is of particular advantage when the traverse is formed as an apertured hood, whose aperture is arranged in one side of the hood and constitutes the charging aperture of the crusher, whereby the traverse arms form part of the hood. lln this manner, a smaller constructional height is attained which also is of advantage with regard to the crushing forces which are created in such a construction.

Since the uppermost crusher ring, after having been worn, can be'adjusted relatively easily in the manner described, it is also possible to employ a crusher ring which is of integral construction, that is, without any wear-resisting lining. This is particularly possible then when the inclination of the inner surface of this crusher ring corresponds to the most favorable fracture angle.

While it has been proposed heretofore to attach the traverse to a conventional crusher by means of a flange, such a flange, as it has been used heretofore, is made very high and performs at the same time the function of a charging funnel. Also in this known construction, the arms of the traverse extend substantially in vertical planes and, of course, a particular division of the circle along which connecting elements are attached and which permits a rotative adjustment in sectors of the crusher ring below said traverse is not provided. in fact,

such an adjustment is not at all necessary in the prior art, because the conventional crusher has no preliminary crusher space but is only provided with a single conventional crusher shell in which the stresses are not one-sided but are uniformly distributed over the entire circumference. Accordingly, the present invention solves a problem which has not been disclosed or even recognized in this prior art construction.

A gyratory crusher constructed in accordance with the present invention is disclosed by way of example in the accompanying drawing in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a vertical sectional view of a gyratory crusher in accordance with the invention; and

FIG. 2 illustrates a top elevation view of the crusher illustrated in FIG. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow Ill; and

FIG. 3 illustrates a top elevation view of a crusher with a modified traverse.

Referring to the drawings, the illustrated gyratory crusher is provided with a rotary crusher cone having a lower conical portion l and an upper portion 2 which is substantially of cylindrical shape. The upper end of the shaft 3 on which the crusher cone is mounted is supported in an upper self-aligning bearing 4, while the lower end of the shaft 3 of the crusher is supported in an eccentric sleeve which is rotated by a gearing 5. The crusher cone is surrounded by a crusher shell consisting of two crusher rings 6 and 7. The lower crusher ring 6 is secured to a crusher frame 8 and is provided with a wear-resisting lining 115 The upper edge of the crusher ring 6 is provided with an outwardly extending flange 9 which is engaged by a counter-flange 10 provided on the lower edge of the upper crusher ring 7. This crusher ring 7 surrounds a preliminary crusher space into which the cylindrical portion 2 of the crusher cone extends. The upper crusher ring 7 is less inclined with respect to the horizontal than the lower crusher ring 6.. The upper crusher ring 7 forms with the upper cylindrical part 2 of the crusher cone a most favorable fracture angle. For this reason, this upper crusher ring 7 is not provided with a wear-resisting lining or the like. Furthermore, the upper edge of the upper crusher ring 7 is provided with an outwardly extending flange 11 upon which rests a closed circular flat flange 12 of a traverse 13 which supports the self-aligning bearing 4' for the upper end of the shaft 3 on which the crusher cone is mounted. The traverse l3 has the form of a hood pro vided on one side with an aperture M. This aperture 14 is used for the feeding of the material to be crushed into the crusher. Since this traverse of the inven-tion may be constructed very flat, the result is that the total height of the crusher is relatively low. The hood completely covers the preliminary crusher space at one side of the crusher cone. The aperture opens laterally being located at the other side of the cone. Because the aperture is located at one circumferential position, wear will occur on the inner surface of the ring 7 because the introduction of material is limited to that location.

The flanges 11 and 12, on one hand, and the flanges 9 and 10, on the other hand, are connected with each other by screws 12' and M), respectively, which extend through corresponding apertures 15 provided in these flanges. The angular distance of these apertures in the corresponding pair of flanges 9, 10, on one hand, and

6 11, 12, on the other hand, is the same, so that after loosening and removing of the screws the upper crusher ring 7 may be rotatably adjusted along one or more divisions of the traverse, while the traverse remains in the same original position. The arrangement is such that the traverse l3 and the lower crusher ring 6 may always be positioned in the same relative position with respect to each other, while only the crusher ring 7 is rotatably adjusted. In accordance with the invention, this possibility is made use of as soon as the upper crusher ring 7 has worn at the place where the material to be crushed is introduced through the aperture 14. The wear may occur in the material of the inner surface of the ring or the lining of the same. In such a case, the connecting screws 10 of the flanges 9, 10, on one hand, and the connecting screws 12', on the other hand, are removed and then the ring 7 is rotated such a distance that an area of the same which has not been worn or has worn only a little, is moved in registration with the charging aperture 14 of'the traverse 13; then the flanges are again connected with each'other, but in doing this, the traverse 13 remains in its original. position. This work of rotatably adjusting the crusher ring 7 is a very simple one and can be accomplished within a very short time, so that the shutdown period of the crusher is very short. Only after the entire circumference of the upper crusher ring 7 has been uniformly worn down, an entire exchange of the same is necessary or one has to provide this crusher ring 7 with a new wear-resisting lining.

As already mentioned, it is possible to construct the upper crusher ring without any wear-resisting lining because this crusher ring is worn down substantially only within the range of the charging aperture of the hood and can easily be rotated when at a certain place the wear has become excessive. It is, however, also possible to provide not only the lower crusher ring 6, but also the upper crusher ring 7 with a wear-resisting lining. A modification of the traverse may consist in that the traverse 13' is provided with a plurality, for instance, three substantially radial arms between two of which the aperture 14' for the introduction of the material to be crushed is formed. Finally, it is also possible to make the flat traverse flange 12 not completely circular, but in the form of a partial ring which covers the range of the charging aperture only partially or not at all.

What we claim is:

1. A gyratory crusher comprising in combination: a vertical rotary crusher cone;

an upper self-aligning bearing supporting the upper end of said cone;

a drive at the lower end of said cone;

a crusher shell having an upper and a lower crusher ring, each being frusto conically shaped and providing a crusher chamber around the cone uniform in a radial direction with each of said rings being symmetrical about a central axis;

relatively shallow generally conically shaped traverse positioned at the upper edge of said upper ring and supporting said bearing and extending uninterruptedly uniformly around the bearing to the 2229;...rix s fQran are sr ate t a d i a charging opening at one circumferential location immediately above said crushing chamber, said cone extending vertically to the upper edge of 1: charging opening so that crushing can occur immediately at the upper portion of the chamber. 2. A gyratory crusher constructed in accordance with claim 1: wherein the lower ring has a wear resistant linmg.

3. A gyratory crusher constructed in accordance with claim 1 wherein said third flanges extend continuously for 360 around the crusher chamber. 

1. A gyratory crusher comprising in combination: a vertical rotary crusher cone; an upper self-aligning bearing supporting the upper end of said cone; a drive at the lower end of said cone; a crusher shell having an upper and a lower crusher ring, each being frusto conically shaped and providing a crusher chamber around the cone uniform in a radial direction with each of said rings being symmetrical about a central axis; a relatively shallow generally conically shaped traverse positioned at the upper edge of said upper ring and supporting said bearing and extending uninterruptedly uniformly around the bearing to the upper ring for an arc greater than 180* defining a charging opening at one circumferential location immediately above said crushing chamber, said cone extending vertically to the upper edge of 1: charging opening so that crushing can occur immediately at the upper portion of the chamber.
 2. A gyratory crusher constructed in accordance with claim 1: wherein the lower ring has a wear resistant lining.
 3. A gyratory crusher constructed in accordance with claim 1 wheRein said third flanges extend continuously for 360* around the crusher chamber. 